english story for Aristotle was the greatest philosopher and scientists of the ancient world.He organated the study of formal logic,erriched most every branee of philosophy,and made numberous contribution to science.Many of Aristotle ideas are out moded today, english story for But far more important than any of his individual theories is the national approach underlying his work . Implicit in Aristotle writing is the attitude that every aspect of human life and Society may be an appropriate objects and thought and analysis,the notion that the universe is not controlled by blind chance,by magic ,or by the whims of capricious decides,but that it’s behavior is subject to national laws;the belief taht it is worthwhile for humane being to conduct a systematic inquiry into every aspect of the national world;english story for and the conviction that we should utilize both empirical observation and logical reasoning in forming our conclusion.This set of attitudes which which is contract to traditionalism, english story for superstition,and and my has profoundly influenced western Civilization.
english story for Aristotle was born in 384B.c,in the town of stagira in mecedonia.His father was a prominer physicians in mecedonia.His father was a prominen physician .At seventeen , Aristotle went to Athens to study in the academy of Plato.He remained there for twenty years,untill shortly after Plato died.Feom his father , Aristotle may have gained an interest in biology and I’m “practical science “under Plato he cultivated an interest in philosophical speculation.In 342B.C, Aristotle returned to Macedonia to became the private tutor of the king’s son a thirteen years boy who was to become known to history as Alexander the great.Aristotle turtored the young Alexander for several years.In 335B.Cafter Alexander had aseended the thrones Aristotle returned to Athens .where he openy his own school,the lyceum.He spend the next twenty years in Athens a period roughly coinciding with Alexander’s careers of military conquest.Alexander did not ask his former tutor for advice,but he did provide him generously with found for research.This was probably the first example in a history of a scientists receiving large scale government founding for his research ,and it was to be the last for centuries to come.Nevertheless , association with Alexander had it dangers.Aristotle was opened on principle to the dictatorial style of Alexander ,and when the conqueror excited Aristotle nephew on suspicion of treason,he seems to have considered of treason ,he seems to have considered excruciating Aristotle as well .But if Aristotle was too democratic for Alexander tastes,he was too closely associated with Alexander to be trusted by the Athenians.When Alexander died in 323B c,the anti_macedonian faction gained control in anthers ,and Aristotle was indicated for impicty Aristotle recalling the fate of so eraters seventy six years earlier,filed the fate the city I second chance to sin against philosophy .He died in exile a few months later ,in 322B.C ,at the age of sixty two .The sheer queantity of Aristotle output is astonishing.Forty seven of his works have survived ,and ancient list credit him with no fewer than 170books.However,it is not merely the number of his crudition,
which is amazing.It is scientific works constitute a virtual eneyclopedia of the scientific knoldgy of his day . Aristotle worte on astronomy , zoology, embryology, geography, geology,physics , anatomy, physiology,and almost every other field of learning know to the ancient Greeks .His ceientific works represents,in part ,a compilation of knowledge already aquired by other in part the finding of assistance whom he hired to acquire date for him and in part ,the results of his own numbers observation .To be a leading expert in every filed of scieny is an incredible fct and one not likely be duplicate by any men in the future .But Aristotle achievement ever more than that .he was also an original philosopher,and made major contribution to every area of speculative philosophy .he wrote on ethic and on metaphysical on psychology and in economics ,on theology and on polities ,on rhetoric and on aesthetic .he worte on education poetry, barbaric customers,and the corntitution of the athenlams .one of his research project was a collection of the constitution of a large number of different states,which he subjected to a comparative study . Perhaps most important of all was his work on the theory of logic ,and Aristotle is generally considered the founder of this important branch of philosophyit was indeed the logical natur of his mind that enabled Aristotle to make contribution to so many fields. He had a gift for organizing thought ,and the definition that he proposed and the gorised that he established have provided the basic for later thought in many different fields.Never mystical and never an extremist , Aristotle is consistently the voice of practical common sense .He made mistake ,of times in this vast eneyclopedia of thought Aristotle amde foolish errors Aristotle’s influence upon all later western thought has been immense.During ancient and medieval times his works were translated into Latin,sysriac , Arabic, Italian, French, Hebrew,German, and English.The later Greek writers studied and admired his workers,and so did Byzantine philosophers.His work was a mojor influence on Islamic philosophy,and forcen turies his writing dominated Europeans thought.Averrocs, perhaps the most famous of all Arab philosophers, attempted to create a synthesis of Islamic theology and Aristotelian rationalism.Maimonidws,the most influential of medieval Jewish thurkers , achieved a similar rynthesis for Judaism .
But the most celebrated such work was the great summa theological of the Christian , Thomas Aquinas.For too many medieval scholars were deeply influenced by Aristotle to list them all. Admiration for Aristotle become so great that in late medieval times it appropriate idolatry, and his writing become a kind of intellectual straight jacket inhibiting further inquiry,rather than a lamp to light the way . Aristotle who like to observe and think for himself would doubtless have this approved of the blind adulation that generations gave to his writing.some of Aristotle ideas seem extremely reactionary by today’s standards for example,he supported slavery as being in account with natural law ,and he believed in the national inferiority of women,(Both of these ideas,of course reflected the prevailing views of his time.) However,many of Aristotle view are strike modern ,eg.,”poverty is the parent of reverning mankind are concerned that the fate of empires depends on the education are convinced that the fate of empires depends on the education of youth.(There was of course ,no bublic educatiin at the time that Aristotle lived)In recent centuries , Aristotle influence and reputation have declined considerably.Nevertheless,u Rather regret that I cannot palce him high on this list .His present Ranking is primarily a consequence of the enormous importance of each of the enormous importance of each of the thirteen persons preceding him.
